Author: Neil Merrett

Under-fire Thasmeen won’t shift 2012 congress amidst DRP reconciliation attempts

Dhivehi Rayyithunge Party (DRP) Leader Ahmed Thasmeen Ali has questioned calls to bring forward the party’s 2012 congress amidst initiatives designed to end infighting between his own supporters and those of his predecessor, Maumoon Abdul Gayoom.

Amidst an escalating tensions between Thasmeen and former President Gayoom – the DRP’s honorary leader – a group of party councillors have moved to form committees to try and reconcile divisions that have occurred between the two figures.

Party members critical of Thasmeen’s leadership have said they hope that any potential reconciliation will resolve concerns regarding what they see as the serving DRP head’s failure to adhere to the party’s charter on a number of issues such as dismissing former party member Umar Naseer.

Thasmeen told Minivan News today that from his perspective, he welcomed the possibility of dialogue that served to “strengthen” the party, having nominated three persons to represent him as a committee. The DRP leader added that Gayoom had appointed representatives of his own to take part in the ongoing discussions, which he claimed remained at an early stage and had yet to deal with the key “issues” that had led to divides in the party.

“The talks have not gone far, yet if any good can come of them [for the party], I would welcome that,” he said. “It is too early to say what sort of outcome we are expecting and we would like to see how talks proceed before we make any prejudgments in the media.”

The DRP head added that despite welcoming the talks, he would not concede to calls from some MPs to bring forward the party’s scheduled 2012 congress or hold an extraordinary meeting concerning topics like his leadership. In the last party congress held back in 2010, Thasmeen was anointed by Gayoom as party leader and elected unopposed – the honorary leader’s support has since been revoked on the back of apparent professional animosity between the two men.

“President Gayoom has suggested bringing forward the party congress. Now I have my opinions on this, but I would rather not say them right now,” he said. “The DRP constitution says that a congress should be held in 2012, so why is there a need for this to happen sooner?”

Thasmeen claimed additionally that certain party members had been using the media to attack and cause further divisions within the party and that he wished to avoid making any comments that exacerbated the present situation.

Thasmeen criticism

Ahmed Nihan, a DRP MP allied to a spin-off faction of the party known as the Zaeem-DRP (Z-DRP), which supports Gayoom and dismissed Deputy Leader Umar Naseer in their criticism of Thameen’s leadership, said that a “lot of effort” was taken by general members and councillors to try and bridge divisions within the party.

Nihan said that he rejected the label of the Z-DRP and its description as a political faction as a media invention, adding that initiatives were being taken to resolve differences within the party between Thasmeen and Gayoom, including ending a boycott of DRP council meetings.

“We are still members of the DRP and I have the same rights as anyone else to speak my mind. We are a democratic party,” he said. “As of last night, we have agreed to attend the party’s council for the first time in months and sit down with [Thasmeen].”

According to Nihan, the key objectives for supporters of the so-called Z-DRP movement were to call on Thasmeen to run the party under the rules outlined under the DRP’s charter, something he alleged has not been the case at a time. He claimed this was unfortunate at a time when opposition parties needed to be working closer together to oppose the government.

In outlining areas about Thasmeen’s leadership that concerned him, Nihan claimed that not all had been bought to the attention of the public as yet.

“There are a lot of things Thasmeen has done that we haven’t revealed to the media. These relate not only to Umar [Naseer’s] dismissal, but actions taken afterwards,” he said. “He has tried to expel members of the party who do not agree with his rule. Being the leader he should think of the wellbeing of the party.@

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President claims tax reforms key to addressing national rich-poor divide

President Mohamed Nasheed has claimed tax reforms submitted to parliament last week will let the government bridge the gap between rich and poor in the Maldives, by boosting state income and funding government services.

Speaking yesterday during his weekly radio address, Nasheed referred to a household income and expenditure survey for 2009-2010 he claimed indicated that while 10 percent of the population were spending on average just Rf12 a day, the wealthiest 10 percent had daily outgoings of Rf230.

At present, the president said that four tax bills were awaiting approval in parliament in the form of a Goods and Service Tax Bill, Business Profit Tax Bill, Income Tax Bill and an Amendment Bill to Tax Administration Act that were key parts of trying to provide more equality between the country’s rich and poor.

The government’s proposals to try and boost direct revenue through additional taxation have been met with caution and concern by business groups that fear the president could harm business with economic reforms that needed a gradual introduction. Opposition parliamentarians from parties like the Dhivehi Rayyithunge Party (DRP) and the People’s Alliance (PA) have hit out at the government’s taxation policies claiming they were serving only to stifle development that was needed to boost national income.

According to Nasheed, the proposed legislation relates to replacing current systems of indirect tax such as import duties that affect richer and poorer citizens equally with a system that puts more emphasis on the country’s highest earners.  “[This will change the current] indirect tax on the value of goods to a tax payable by the wealthy, based on the profit of their businesses,” the president stated.

If the government is able to succeed in boosting direct income, measures such as the tax reform would be put into social security and protection measures, the president said.

Nasheed claimed that survey also indicated increased quality of living standards for Maldivians.  The number of people living below the poverty line – defined as earning under Rf23 a day – fell by about 50 percent from figures conducted seven years ago, according to the report.

Despite Nasheed’s optimism, DRP leader Ahmed Thasmeen Ali said last month that the country’s economic reforms – such as plans to devalue the rufiya – would remain a key concern for the DRP during the current parliamentary sitting.

“The government has indicated that it will release proposals to address economic concerns and bring down the dollar rate,” he said. “We do accept the fact that revenue has to be increased, but we would like to see serious attempts to reduce state expenditure and ensure revenue is not being wasted.”

The DRP leader claimed that the party was not specifically calling on the government to slash spending in a single area such as political appointees, but instead asking for a consensus on areas such as in the funding of new offices for local councils formed during local elections held in February.

Similarly, Ahmed Nazim, a PA MP and a member of the Majlis’ Public Finance Committee, said that he believed current government policy was ultimately stifling economic development, with administrative costs within the civil service identified as a notable problem.

“We have small percentage [of funds] to invest in the economy. We cannot move finances to a higher level though as the government doesn’t have the right policies to do this,” he claimed. “For instance, we need to reduce the number of [inhabited] islands by linking them and cutting the overall number of cost centres required for decentralisation.

The comments were made as the IMF claimed that the Maldives economy remained “unsustainable” even after cuts made to the annual 2011 budget, as it concluded its Article IV consultation earlier during the year.

Outside of the Majlis’ floor, business organisations like the Maldives National Chamber of Commerce and Industry (MNCCI) have claimed that further investment was needed to strengthen the business sector before taking on widespread economic and taxation reforms.

MNCCI Treasurer Ahmed Adheeb Abdul Gafoor told Minivan News early last month that he believed that with the planned introduction of the additional GST on general trade and corporate tax, the prospect of policies like a minimum wage would need to be studied in terms of possible impact, particularly in the private sector.

“Introducing these tax reforms and schemes like the minimum wage will be difficult over the next two years. The Maldives is at a disadvantage when it comes to economies of scale as it is,” he said. “What I would like to see is a transitional period rather than introducing these measures straight away.”

Adheeb claimed the government needed more consultation with employers – especially in smaller and medium enterprises – before putting any initiatives like a minimum wage in place, adding that private enterprises had been a key component in the more successful developments of the Maldivian economy.

“We [the private sector] could end up losing some of our competitive edge over other countries. What we need is some breathing space and for these reforms to be bought in gradually,” he said. “We have to build confidence in the economy especially with small and medium businesses. If the minimum wage is going to be introduced it should be set on an economic basis and not for short-term political benefit.”

While sharing the MNCCI’s caution, Mohamed Ali Janah, President of the Maldives Association of Construction Industry (MACI), said this month that he believed that Maldivian businesses should not feel threatened by a shift towards a liberalised economy despite significant changes proposed to tax and regulation.

Janah claimed that government-proposed economic reforms were no different t changes that had already occurred across the western world and parts of South Asia.

Although welcoming market liberalisation in general, the MACI president said he believed that industry would still likely require more time to adapt to the transitions such as a minimum wage and greater taxation on goods and services.

“We are in something of a transition period right now, but what we want businessmen to understand is that they should not feel threatened [by these changes],” he said. “We are being pushed towards a more liberal economic system where we will need more accountability and transparency.”

Janah claimed the proposed changes reflected a potential move away from the style of family-dominated business dealings that he suggested may in some cases be less likely to aim for transparency and detailed accounting.

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Rise in blackmarket exchange rate no setback for currency stability aims, claims Economic Development Minister

Two months after the government announced plans for greater economic stability by devaluing its currency against the US dollar, the Maldives’ Economic Development Minister has said increases in black market exchange rates are no setback to the country’s long-term financial aims.

Amidst local media reports that the value of the Maldivian rufiyaa – capped until April this year at Rf12.85 against the US dollar – was trading at Rf16.5 on the black market, Minister Mahmood Razee said that authorities would likely wait for an allotted three month-period to pass before considering any additional financial support measures.

Despite this approach, the Maldives National Chamber of Commerce and Industry (MNCCI) has claimed that local enterprise is not being supported by financial institutions like banks in terms its needs – particularly for importers reliant on foreign currency to bring in goods to the market.

However, sticking to earlier estimates that the managed float of the rufiyaa within 20 percent of the 12.85 exchange would require about three months to begin to bring stability, Razee claimed that it remained too early to say if additional support measures were needed from the government to bridge the dollar supply.

“I don’t see the black-market exchange rate as a setback as it is low [tourism] season right now, meaning we are earning fewer dollars,” he said. “Now it has been a couple of months since we changed the dollar rate. When [the currency float] was announced in April we said it will take around three months to see if the rate will stabilize. We do not know yet whether there is just a dip in [dollar] supply or something else.”

When addressing potential changes already bought about to the exchange rate since the dollar float was introduced, Razee said he believed it remained too early to speculate on what longer term impacts had taken place in regards to the availability of dollars.

The Economic Development Minister added that if there were no signs of stabilisation by next month, then he expected the Ministry of Finance to begin looking at additional measures to try and bring some market stability to the economy.

“I’m not privy to the exact information on what these measures could be right now,” he said. “What we have been doing is working with national authorities in markets like India to see what means of assistance there might be.”

The rufiyaa has sat at the maximum limit of Rf15.42 following the government’s managed float of the rufiyaa within a 20 percent band.

Treasurer of the Maldives National Chamber of Commerce and Industry (MNCCI), Ahmed Adheeb Abdul Gafoor, told Minivan News that he believed that the managed currency float had served only to exacerbate the difficulties facing local businesses that were being given little choice other than to rely on black market exchange rates.

“The banks are not providing dollars to businesses, especially for importer and traders who are the backbone of the economy and vital to distributing goods,” he claimed. “With Ramazan ahead, we have been told that the State Trading Organisation (STO) will be providing 27 goods and commodities at stable prices, but we will have to see if this is possible.”

Adheeb claimed that in the immediate term, banks had simply not been providing additional credit lines for businesses requiring foreign currency exchanges, a demand he said that was having to be satisfied through additional financial channels.

“The solution I believe is that banks will have to provide,” he said. “Credit card payments are being settled in rifuyaa, yet many importers are not being satisfied when it comes to their own needs.”

Speaking as a private citizen Adheeb said that more changes were needed in how banks dealt with business as well as how government were looking to encourage sustainable foreign finance.

“We have seen no encouraging signs [from the float] and I don’t think this is a good policy at this time,” he said.

The MNCCI treasurer said that he believed that alongside government talk of minimum wages, it would be wise to discuss maximum wages in certain cases to try and balance national; budget more effectively.

“I don’t understand why this is a policy not being discussed,” he added.

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Afrashim’s dismissal highlights JSC composition concerns: DRP deputy

A Parliamentary decision passed yesterday by 38 votes to 34 to remove Dhivehi Rayyithunge Party (DRP) MP Dr Afrashim Ali from the Judicial Service Commission (JSC) raises further questions over the watchdog’s impartiality and reliance on political appointees, Ibrahim ‘Mavota’ Shareef has claimed.

Shareef, a DRP Deputy Leader, told Minivan News that he believed the no confidence motion against Afrashim, forwarded by Maldivian Democratic Party (MDP) MP “Reeko” Moosa Manik, was an “alarming” move by the government that was passed with “no valid reason”.

“If anyone elected to a position is not doing a job properly and perhaps there are more competent people who can do better, then [the removal] wouldn’t be a problem,” he claimed. “However, the MDP reason [for the vote] is not based on this. The government wants to use the JSC as a vehicle for [its own interests].”

The composition of the JSC, which serves as a watchdog for the country’s judiciary, was criticised by one independent judicial review body for failing to ensure transparency in its workings.

The International Commission of Jurists (ICJ) has maintained that although it was not illegal to rely on mostly political appointees as opposed to judicial and legal figures to oversee a national legislative watchdog, it was perceived as “bad practice”.

Criticisms of the JSC have also come from within the body itself by a former member selected by President Mohamed Nasheed. Presidential appointee Aishath Velezinee served as a whistle-blower by forwarding allegations of what she called a “silent coup” taking place in the JSC against the government.

Shareef said that he personally held concerns about relying on political figures to serve as JSC appointees when it came to overseeing the country’s courts, despite the process being constitutionally mandated.

“The fact that political appointees are allowed onto the body is not the best for the JSC. I myself have raised the wisdom [of allowing this],” he said. “In my view the JSC should be made up of members of the judiciary. However [composition requirements] are outlined in the constitution and we have to live with that.”

With the removal by parliamentary vote of Dr Afrasheem from his JSC post, Shareef claimed it remained vital to try and ensure the government did not have the ability to potentially “threaten the judiciary” with political appointments to the JSC.

“We [the political opposition] have lost representation on the body and we need a voice,” he said.

With the president entitled under the constitution to appoint a member of his own choice to the body – a position formerly held by Aishath Velezinee before she was dismissed with presidential praise last month – Shareef said he believed the opposition should be allowed a similar appointment.

“The opposition should be given the opportunity to appoint a representative itself to allow for equilibrium in the JSC,” he claimed.

ICJ view

The ICJ said it could not be commenting on Afrashim’s dismissal without additional details.

However, a spokesperson for the ICJ said previous reports on the Maldives had raised issues regarding the composition of the JSC relating to the number of political appointments made to the body compared to legislative and judicial figures.

“[Political representation] was identified as a key issue [by the ICJ] at the time in preventing the JSC from acting in an independent way,” said the spokesperson. “We are in no doubt that this current JSC has had no success in trying to bring about independence in the judiciary. We are not blaming any individual for this, but the JSC is not acting as it should be.”

As a matter outlined under the country’s constitution, the ICJ source said that the organisation accepted that changing such a system and finding a solution was difficult.

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India targets South Asian energy security boost with regional loan plans

Indian authorities have unveiled plans to offer US$1oo million loans to neighbouring countries like the Maldives for the development of infrastructure like roads and power, according to media reports.

The Indian Express newspaper reported today that the development loan announced this week at a meeting  in Male’ of the South Asia Free Trade Area Ministerial Council in order to outline credit cover for various nations at levels of interest close to the regularly updated London Inter Bank Offer Rate.

The report has claimed that the funds, which will be supplied by India-based Exim bank, would be used to try and bolster energy security among the member nations of the South Asian Association For Regional Cooperation (SAARC), particularly across national borders.

Indian officials also reportedly used the meeting to call for the lifting of trade barriers across the SAARC region in areas such as textiles, agriculture, pharmaceuticals, electronic goods and car production.

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MATI not taking sides on proposed resort lease amendments

Proposed amendments to the Tourism Act relating to lease extensions for Maldivian resorts are said to have divided opinion among industry insiders, according to the Maldives Association of Tourism Industry (MATI).

MATI Secretary General ‘Sim’ Mohamed Ibrahim told Minivan News that proposals presented to the Majlis yesterday by MP Abdu Raheem Abdulla, if passed, would allow 50 year lease extension payments to be made gradually on an annual basis.  Sim claimed that the decision to support or oppose the amendment had proven difficult for the association, with different resort owners welcoming and opposing the bill.

“MATI cannot take sides on this issue. While we have some people who can pay the money straight away, we know of others [resort owners], who would prefer the amendments,” he said.

According to newspaper Haveeru, Abdulla’s proposed amendment would allow contractors requesting an extension of their existing lease to pay a US$100,000 fee to pay instalments every year over the life of the contract.

Abdulla was reported to have forwarded the amendment over fears that news jobs would not be created in the country if the government received upfront payments from extension agreements.

Sim said that he believed that at present, the government preferred the system currently in use where lease extensions were paid within an 18-month period of a contract being signed by a resort.

A Tourism Ministry spokesperson confirmed that the Government’s official view was that it supported existing tourism laws that supported an upfront fee payment made over a shorter time-frame.

The spokesperson conceded that he had not fully read the proposals forwarded by Abdulla at present and was unable to elaborate on further on the exact changes they may entail for the industry.

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France helping Maldives realise development and multicultural ambitions: President

President Mohamed Nasheed has welcomed a series of events in the Maldives designed to try and forge closer cultural and development partnerships with France, claiming they are indicative of a country that is looking to become “more democratic, more liberal” and ultimately, freer.

Speaking last night during a reception at the National Art Gallery in Male’, Nasheed joined Christine Robichon, French ambassador to the Maldives, in playing up the latest developments in what he claimed was a long relationship that dated back to the 1700’s and was continuing to benefit the nation in a variety of different ways.

This week in particular has seen a number of developments relating to French culture and expertise in the Maldives, including the naval ship FS Mistral docked in the country’s waters as part of a long-term training deployment and the more scaled back establishment of the Alliance Francaise in the recently opened National Library in Male’.

The Alliance Francaise is an organisation that works to promote French cultural language programmes across the world, and is running a Film Festival of productions from French speaking nations. The group was first officially recognised in the Maldives in 2009 and estimates that the number of students now learning French at public schools has increased to 400 people from just four during the last two years.

Historically the Maldives has seen significant interest from French tourists in visiting its waters and resorts. While conceding that the strength of this interest had fallen behind other markets like China, Ambassador Robichon told guests at the gallery that the option for a growing number of students in the country to learn French may not make as much business sense locally, but still offered the “variety” of speaking a major international language for Maldivian students.

President Nasheed said that he hoped a growing number of Maldivian children and the wider population were looking to embrace different history, culture and languages through education.

“We want to welcome everyone to the country, we want to become multicultural and we are moving along these lines and with our new found friendship I am sure we will be able to achieve that,” he said.

Along with the potential cultural pursuits being offered to Maldivians, President Nasheed also announced that work was beginning on French-sponsored development assistance projects to provide sewerage and water systems to islands in the country.

Whilst thanking the French ambassador for her country’s assistance with these developments, Nasheed claimed that with its recent ascension from being designated as a UN ‘least developed country’ (LDC) to a middle income nation, the Maldives was having to learn to try and stand on its own two feet.

“Recently we have been promoted from a least developed country and we want to stand up to that. We want to be able to fend for ourselves and live within our means,” he said. “We do not want aid, we want understanding and friendship and I am sure we will find that in France.”

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Business should not feel threatened by economic liberalisation: MACI President

Maldivian businesses should not feel threatened by a shift towards a liberalised economy despite the significant changes to tax and regulation, the chair of an economic forum between industry and cabinet heads held this week in Male’ has said.

Mohamed Ali Janah, President of the Maldives Association of Construction Industry (MACI) and a business owner himself, claimed that government-proposed economic reforms were no different changes that had already occurred across the western world and parts of South Asia.

While welcoming liberalisation in general, the MACI president said he believed that industry would still likely require more time to adapt to the transitions such as a minimum wage and greater taxation on goods and services.

“We are in something of a transition period right now, but what we want businessmen to understand is that they should not feel threatened [by these changes],” he said. “We are being pushed towards a more liberal economic system where we will need more accountability and transparency.”

Janah claimed the proposed changes reflected a potential move away from the style of family-dominated business dealings that he suggested may in some cases have been less likely to aim for transparency and detailed accounting.

“These things will be exposed, so there may be some reluctance,” he said.

Janah’s comments were made following the second in an ongoing series of meetings held between various local associations like the Maldives Association of Tourism Industries (MATI), the Maldives Association of Travel Agents and Tour Operators (MATATO) and the Liveaboard Association of Maldives (LAM) and various cabinet ministers.

This week’s forum, which was chaired by the MACI president, was the second of its kind to be held between business and cabinet members this year over government economic reform strategies. Finance Minister Ahmed Inaz, Tourism Minister Dr Mariyam Zulfa and the Governor of the Maldives Monetary Authority (MMA) Fazeel Najeeb were all in attendance, with organisers claiming that workers’ associations and media representatives were also invited.

Business roundtable

While the initial meeting was focused prominently on issues like government aims to introduce a minimum wage, Janah said that in chairing this week’s meeting, he had called for the formation of a business roundtable that would represent industry and commerce across the country in directly lobbying the government over potential concerns.

The MACI president said that while this week’s business meetings still had political components during their discussions, he hoped  to give attendees a forum to discuss various industry issues more directly, beyond the partisan thinking often linked to decision making in the country.

“We have more than enough political forums, but not enough is being done to allow businesses to talk on a purely technical level,” he said. “I propose that we start a business roundtable. Let’s get all the industries on board and look at various issues including climate change.”

With so many changes expected to be made to business practice in the Maldives, Janah said that he hoped a round-table would be better able to lobby for “sustainable” implementation of reforms in areas such as pay and taxes.

In the context of the government’s reform agenda, other association heads present at the forum suggested that a gradual implementation of a general Goods and Services Tax (GST) and a minimum wage over a number of years were needed by the industry as an example of “sustainable developments”, particularly for small and medium industries.

The collaborations between government and industry targeted through the forums were welcomed by State Minister of Finance Ahmed Assad, who told Minivan News that the meetings were focused on trying to outline a development path for business to the benefit of the entire country as well as the economy.

“As the economy grows, so also should government finances so that the state can meet the demands of the public. Our main aim is for business to thrive to support government finance at sustainable levels,” he said.

Assad claimed that at present, the government’s sole revenue stream from business outside of the country’s tourist industry – recently estimated to amount potentially to around US$3 billion – was in the form of customs duty.

However, with the proposed introduction of additional taxes like GST on local businesses, the state finance minister added that this would create growing interest in the conduct of how government was spending income.

“Once we have a state run on contributions from business, I am sure there will be a lot more interest where this funding goes,” he said.

Robin Hoods and Bolsheviks

Addressing the notion of the term “sustainable” in regards to industry developments, Assad rejected accusations that a combined lobbying group would grant further power to business heads at the expense of individual workers and their rights.

From his own perspective, the state minister said he believed local businesses were generally wary of creating “Robin Hoods and Bolsheviks” by discriminating and alienating their work forces and appreciated that negative worker relations were not in their interest.

“Smart people will always take care of their own workers,” he said. “Maldivian business people are intelligent and wish to keep a good balance in the workplace.”

A stable and confident workforce was also highlighted by Assad as being hugely important in attracting interest from foreign investment to the Maldives.

The tourism side

Among industry groups present at this week’s economic minister was the Maldives Association of Travel Agents and Tour Operators (MATATO), which raised concerns in particular over government commitments to the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) potentially removing restrictions on foreign businesses.

Mohamed Maleeh Jamal, Secretary General for MATATO, said the group held some concerns about SAARC initiatives to open up the Maldives tourism markets and allowing foreign travel agents to operate in the country.

While claiming to not be against market liberalisation, Maleeh said that local travel agents were facing increased competition from booking engines and unregistered travel agencies operating illegally in the country.

Amidst growing competitiveness, the MATATO secretary general said that other member nations like Sri Lanka had recently dropped providing free visas on arrival to the country for any nation other than Singapore or the Maldives that was claimed to contravene SAARC rulings on freedom of movement.

In addressing matters specific to the Maldives, Maleeh claimed that MATATO had agreed during the previous forum held two weeks ago that it would support the introduction of the minimum wage, although the group said it had required government action on reducing illegal labour in the country.

“We need more research on the impacts of this and why local people are not seeking out available work,” he said.

Maleeh claimed that even without the possible formation of a formal business round-table to debate industry-wide policy, the association welcomed continued collaboration between various business heads and government.

However, one workers group in the country linked to tourism has pressed the government on implementing more immediate policy changes in relation to employment regulation.

Just last month, the Tourism Employees Association of the Maldives (TEAM) actively urged the government to implement a minimum wage needed to address what it sees as a growing gap between the rich and poor.

“TEAM believes that the most important thing to do in order to change the current situation of all persons working in the tourism industry is to implement a minimum wage,’’ said the organisation at the time.

“A minimum wage is also important to avoid the potential bankruptcy of small and medium businesses and to eliminate the differentiation between the rich and poor.’’

TEAM urged the government to conduct a fair survey and to determine an adequate minimum wages, “instead of only listening to few influential big businessmen.’’

The association claimed the minimum wage for those working in the tourism sector should be at least Rf 5000 (US$325) per month.

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Bluepeace cautious over government’s Baa Atoll preservation plans

Local environmental NGO Bluepeace has said government action to establish and extend several protected ecological preserves in Baa Atoll is an “encouraging development”, despite its concerns about the efficiency of collaboration between different ministerial branches over eco-protection.

Ali Rilwan from Bluepeace said that he supported the government’s action in regard to environmental protection across the southerly atoll, yet insisted the measures were more of a “first step” towards a comprehensive national preservation system rather than a finalised commitment to conservation.

The comments were made as the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) announced yesterday that it had signed a declaration with the Ministry of Housing and Environment to protect several different habitats within Baa Atoll in honour of World Environment Day.

Protected areas in the atoll, which has been described by Environment Minister Mohamed Aslam as having one of the country’s most diverse eco-systems, will now include Maahuruvalhi Faru and the islands of Bathalaahura and Gaaganduhura along with their house reefs, as well as the island of Goidhoo and its swamp land.

Previously protected areas in the atoll, including Dhigalihaa and the island of Hanifaru along with its adjoining bay – already popular spots for divers trying to see whale sharks – were also extended to become larger preserves.

The Environment Ministry also yesterday expressed interest in working with the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) to additionally register the atoll as a biosphere reserve to further protect indigenous wildlife and plant life.

Taking the example of previous declarations of protected eco-systems back in 2009, Rilwan said he remained concerned about the wider effectiveness of implementing and maintaining preserves in the Maldives.

He alleged that government bodies such as the Ministry of Fisheries and Agriculture had previously allowed timber permits for logging in certain protected areas, even after protected zones had been established.

Rilwan claimed that in order for the government to provide an efficient national strategy for environmental protection, various ministerial bodies dealing with the environment, agriculture and trade all needed stronger methods for collaboration.

“We’re not seeing the agriculture ministry work directly with the country’s trade ministry.  Each one seems to exist like they are their own government,” he claimed.  “We don’t see any national collaboration between [the different ministries].

Rilwan said that he believed this lack of collaboration had led to confusion and occasional contradiction in policies between individual ministries in regards to protecting a specific area or species.

“For instance, you have species such as turtles and whale sharks being the responsibility of the Ministry of Fisheries and Agriculture, while the places they inhabit are being dealt with by the Environment Ministry,” he said.

Rilwan claimed that this confusion had been seen to cause problems in the past such as imposing a ban on shark hunting last year.

While some ministries had at the time been working on schemes to offer compensation to fishermen affected by the ban, Rilwan alleged other agencies such the country’s customs authorities were not always doing enough to ensure products derived from shark were not finding their way out of the country.

Spokesperson for the President’s Office, Mohamed Zuhair, was not responding to calls at time of press.

In terms of possible future work with groups like UNESCO in outlining protected zones in Baa Atoll, Rilwan said he believed that the environmentally protected designations imposed on the area would also allow for a increased research into the region’s habitats.

“We do not have a lot of research on these areas commonly available for local people.  Hopefully this protection will hope create awareness about the areas and their inhabitants such as plant life and fungus,” he said.

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