Month: January 2007

Mohamed Latheef, the founder of the Maldivian Democratic Party (MDP) has returned to the Maldives after three years of voluntary exile in Sri Lanka.

“It feels great to be back!” he told Minivan News.

A crowd of MDP supporters gathered at the jetty to welcome the MDP founder back to his country of birth, and a cheer went up as he stepped off the boat and back onto the island of Male’.

Latheef then led a procession of MDP supporters through the city to the MDP headquarters, before returning home to rest. “I tried very hard to keep this welcome thing as calm and quiet as possible,” he said. Still, many MDP supporters came to see him return, waving yellow flags, cheering and calling for the President’s resignation.

But the event was carried off completely peacefully. There was virtually no police presence and no arrests were made.

“We have started a process of change and reform and a lot of people in my party say that if I came back it might have a motivating effect on the reform process,” said Latheef, explaining his motives for returning.

He left the Maldives with other founding members in October 2003 fearing persecution after considerable political unrest. The month before, Evan Naseem, a 19 year-old jailed for drug offences, was beaten to death by prison officers, sparking prison riots and the shooting of 19 inmates, three of which died. That caused anti-government riots on the streets of Male’.

Latheef founded the party the following month in Colombo with Mohamed Nasheed (Anni), Ahmed Mausoom, Ahmed Shafeeg Moosa and others.

Latheef is quoted on the dissident Dhivehi Observer website, blocked in the Maldives, about the possibility of arrest. “It cannot be ruled out and I have received such treatment in the past but I believe the time is ripe for me to work from home for our cause.”

His daughter, Jenny Latheef, was charged with terrorism and sentenced to ten years imprisonment in October 2005. She was then pardoned by President Gayoom on August 16, 2006, but rejected the pardon. She left the country soon after.

The other main founder of the MDP, Anni, returned from exile on 30 March, 2005, and was arrested and placed under house arrest on 12 August, 2005. He was only released after much diplomatic and political pressure on 21 September last year, fourteen months later.

Latheef’s homecoming coincides with a visit by the UK Conservative MP, Gary Streeter, who will discuss the possibility of further cooperation and support from his party in Britain. Streeter will travel with Latheef to his native island of Thinadhoo, Gaafu Dhaalu Atoll, where the British MP will give a speech to party members.

Latheef’s return comes at a critical time for the party, when it is struggling to maintain unity as the split between the parliamentary members and the shadow cabinet group grows. MDP party officials will now be hoping Latheef’s arrival helps to overcome disagreement and assert greater unity and direction on the party.

The MDP originally came into being after discussions in February 2001 among 42 Maldivians about the possibility of an opposition movement, including current Finance Minister, Gasim Ibrahim. He since defected to the government after a short spell in jail, but the movement was officially registered as the first political party of the Second Republic of the Maldives on 26th June, 2005.

Since then the MDP has become the largest opposition party in the Maldives.

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Ninety-two expatriates working in Funamaudhoo, North Huvadhu Atoll have gone on strike claiming they have been beaten and not paid.

They have travelled to Thinadhoo, Ghaaf Daal, where they are waiting to return to their native homes, Thinadhoo Police said.

The majority of the labourers are thought to be from Bangladesh. They reportedly went on strike yesterday claiming they had not been paid and saying they were eventually beaten during the three-months they worked to develop Funamaudhoo into a tourist resort.

Police say the men arrived in Thinadhoo at around 1.30pm yesterday. They were reportedly dropped off at the island’s port by their employer and have been waiting there since.

“At the moment, nearly a hundred workers are waiting by the port to be taken to Male’,” an official from the Thinadhoo Police Station told Minivan News. “The men slept in boats last night, but should be in Male’ at around eight this evening.”

The Police official was unsure who was paying for the workers’ return journey, but said he suspected it was the employers, Yacht Tours Maldives. The company is owned by Majlis member for North Huvadhu, Abdulla Jabir.

When asked to explain the Funamaudhoo situation, Jabir refused to give comment and said that all questions regarding Yacht Tours Maldives must be answered by a representative at the company’s office. But Manager Mohamed Raffath, who was in the office when Minivan called, had no more to say on the situation.

He said: “It is not our people who are involved in this. We use subcontractors, so it is their problem, not ours.” Raffath went on to say that he was not allowed to reveal any information on the subcontractor due to an agreement between the two companies. He also expressed doubt as to whether the accusations were true.

But many Thinadhoo residents believe the expatriates story. According to one man quoted in the Dhivehi Observer, the workers have said it has been several days since they have had a proper meal and that some were beaten when they refused to work in protest at the poor conditions.

The Dhivehi Observer also published several pictures of injured men, which it claims is evidence of the expatriates’ stories. Thinadhoo Police say that are further investigation the situation.

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Two of the three main opposition parties, the Maldivian Democratic Party (MDP) and the Adhaalath (Justice) party (AP), have condemned a new regulation by the Elections Commission which says every citizen must have new ID cards in order to be eligible to vote.

An Adhaalath party official speaking on behalf of Chairman, Mohamed Didi, told Minivan News: “The Party does not consider it constitutional and the party believes it is very harmful to the citizens.”

Adhaalath says it believes one of the reasons the government has introduced the regulation is to increase revenue for the budget through charging for the new cards. A new card costs Rf. 100, and an upgrade from the old ID card costs Rf. 30.

The AP also says it is concerned members of the government’s party – the Dhivehi Rayyithunge Party (DRP) – will get the new cards first. “They will definitely give a preference to the DRP,” said the official.

The biggest opposition party, the MDP, also says the move is unconstitutional. “New ID cards are not necessary according to the constitution but now the government is introducing the new rule,” said Dr. Ibrahim Didi, Shadow Home Affairs and Local Government Minister.

Both parties believe the move to be a ploy to limit the number of opposition voters. The government is well-known for its use of obscure regulations and technicalities to limit various political freedoms that contradict its interests.

Currently the constitution allows anyone over 21 to vote.

The Elections Commission refused to comment.

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The trial of Minivan Daily’s Deputy-Editor, Nazim Sattar, has been postponed again after the journalist was summoned to court at 12:30pm today. No date was given for the next hearing, a common government practice.

Nazim is being tried for ‘disobedience to order’ for an article that appeared in Minivan Daily on 2 August, 2005. In an unusual twist, Minivan Daily’s editor, Aminath Najeeb, has been summoned as a witness by the prosecution.

Today would have been the third court session in the trial, which focuses on a news story in which MDP member, Ahmed Abbas, is quoted as saying: “What we should do to those in the Star Force who beat us, is to seek them out individually and for us to act in such a manner that makes them feel that beatings result in pain, otherwise they will not be subdued.”

Abbas was jailed in early November in the run-up to an opposition mass protest which was cancelled for fear of excess violence.

The Star Force is the hardcore elite unit of the Maldivian police feared by many. They are recognisable for their distinctive blue patchwork uniforms. The Force says a number of their officers have been verbally abused by members of the public over the past year. They claim that the article is responsible for this abuse, which has left the crack paramilitary unit in a state of “mental trauma.”

Star Force member Hussain Shahil (MA. Cool Stone/ Male’) claims he was called a “fat rascal” by a member of the public following the publication of the Minivan article.

“In addition to this, on 25 January 2006 the day when Mohamed Nasheed’s (G. Keneryge’) trial was held in Dharubaruge, I was part of the security team there, when [a member of the public] said to me, “You are the one who hit me, don’t assume you are unidentifiable just because you’ve donned a mask on your face,” Shahil said in his witness statement.

Star Force member Ali Moosa (MA. Kamiyabuge/ Male’) says he was also called a “rascal,” five months after the publication of the article:

“On 3 January 2006…we were on our way to the Gaaf Dhaal, Thinadoo Police Station, when a group of around ten people followed us and, indicating Constable Mohamed Nishan, threatened us saying, “This is the rascal who lifted and carried Anni [MDP Chairperson Mohamed Nasheed], you cannot step out of here”.

Lance Corporal Mazin Mohamed (Male’ Municipality Special Register/ Male’), meanwhile, said he was so terrified by the article he “dared not step out of the house for sometime.”

A fourth Star Force witness, Ahmed Nishan (popularly referred to as ‘Star Baby), also claims to have been “traumatised” by the Minivan article.

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Dhiraagu, the largest telecommunications company in the Maldives, has awarded Telecom Italia Sparkle – the wholesale global operator part of the Telecom Italia Group – one of its first international links via submarine cable.

The agreement means older satellite technology will be replaced by the Dhiraagu Submarine Cable Network – DSCN (being composed of the international cable system between Maldives and Sri Lanka and the inter-atoll domestic cable) to provide telecommunications services to the Maldives.

The circuit will be routed on the recently inaugurated Maldives – Sri Lanka cable which was built under partnership between Dhiraagu and Sri Lanka Telecom. It will then be connected to a cable system in Palermo, Italy.

“We are extremely delighted to have strengthened our good business relationship with Telecom Italia Sparkle. This will allow us to expand our worldwide connectivity, in a manner that will further improve our customer experiences, by taking advantage of the global reach and quality of service TIS has to offer”, said Chief Executive Officer, Mr Ismail Waheed.

Dhiraagu was set up in the Maldives in 1988. Like many big companies in the Maldives, it is majority owned by the government, who hold a 55% share. The remaining stake is held by the UK based company Cable and Wireless, which has worked in the Maldives providing telecoms services on behalf of the government since 1977.

Dhiraagu is a private company and does not publish its profit or other financial information.

The company held a monopoly on telecommunications services in the Maldives until 2004, when the authorities began issuing licences. Two other companies, Rajje Online and Kuwaiti company, Wataniya Telecom International, now also operate in the country.

Dhiraagu have come in for much criticism throughout their 18-year history. Throughout the nineties many complained of excessively high pricing. More recently, with the growth of an opposition movement in the country, the company has struggled to garner trust among users.

Many fear their SMS messages and internet activity may be seen by a third party and that phone conversation may be heard by government authorities due to the company’s close links to the Gayoom regime. Some have also accused Dhiraagu of cutting SMS messaging services during key protests by the opposition, which the company has denied.

Dhiraagu remains the only provider of landlines in the Maldives.

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British Tory MP, Gary Streeter, has arrived at Male airport for a five day visit to the Maldives to hold discussions with the Maldivian Democratic Party (MDP) and the government.

He was received at around 10pm last night by a crowd of hundreds of cheering MDP supporters calling for the President’s resignation, chanting “Maumoon isthiufaa”.

During his visit, he will meet with the MDP’s shadow cabinet members, the Parliamentary Group and make an address to the party’s National Council. He will also visit the island of Thinadhoo, in Southern Huvadhoo Atoll to meet party members and speak at a meeting on Friday evening.

The MP for Devon South West will also meet with various government officials, including Elections Commissioner, Kaaf Dhaal Ahmed Maniku. He is scheduled to hold a round table discussion with members of non governmental organisations and journalists, and to make an address to the NGO Maldives Forum.

Streeter is Chairman of Conservatives Abroad, the Party’s International Office and the Conservative Human Rights Commission. He has asked a number of questions in the House of Commons about the pace of reform in the Maldives and is known to have a keen interest in Maldivian politics.

The purpose of his visit is also to discuss the possibility of greater cooperation between the MDP and the UK Conservative Party, with the help of the Westminster Foundation which works to promote democracy and help political parties with similar ideals around the world.

Part of the work of the Tories’ International Office is in building and supporting democracy in emerging countries, while the Human Rights Commission works “to champion the cause of people all over the world whose basic human rights are being abused”.

Streeter is a trained lawyer and currently sits on the UK Government’s Home Affairs Select Committee. He served as Minister in the Lord Chancellor’s Department in John Major’s government from 1995 to 1997. He has also been shadow secretary of state for International Development, Vice Chairman of the Conservative Party and a Shadow Minister in the International Affairs Department.

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The Indian Home Secretary, V.K. Duggal, has left Male’ after a two-day good will visit focused on improving coastal security.

Secretary Duggal’s visit was primarily aimed at strengthening bilateral relations, and emphasised ways in which the countries could cooperate in tackling terrorism, organised crime and drug smuggling.

Duggal and a four-man delegation came to Male’ following recent claims by intelligence agencies which claimed the terror group Lashkar-e-Taiba was planning to use uninhabited islands in the Indian Ocean as a base for attacking ships along the Indian coastline.

In November, India’s Home Minister, Shivrai Patil expressed grave concern when he revealed that the coastal waters near India were “coming under increased threats from terrorist groups”.

Lashkar-e-Taiba, one of the largest and most active Islamic terrorist organisations in South Asia, is currently based in Pakistan and has a history of carrying out major terrorist attacks against the Republic of India.

Lashkar’s agenda, outlined in a pamphlet titled “Why are we waging jihad”, includes the restoration of Islamic rule over all parts of South Asia, Russia and China. The Maldives has vowed to do all it can to protect its northern neighbour from any type of terrorist attack.

The Maldives and India have a history of alliance. In 1988 India signed a defence and security cooperation with the Maldives, which resulted in New Delhi training the Maldives’ defence and police personnel and supplying equipment.

The Coast Guards of the two nations also conduct a biannual training exercise, and Indian Navy and Coast Guard ships regularly visit the Maldives on goodwill and operational turn round (OTR) visits.

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Minister of Education Zahiya Zareer has said “a lack of quality teachers and capable school administrators” is “the biggest challenge facing the education sector.”

In an interview with Television Maldives earlier this week, the Minister also said poor quality foreign teachers were jeopardising young people’s education.

“This has been the problem last year, this year and even now,” she said. But she promises 2007 will see some much needed changes.

Speaking at a ceremony in Male to mark the beginning of the new academic year yesterday, Zareer said that one of her Ministry’s primary goals was to strengthen the Maldivian education system in order to make it “more effective”.

She said she is committed to starting several new programmes aimed at improving the standards of teachers, which include building a ‘Teacher Resource Centre’ in every atoll and providing advanced teaching courses to educational staff.

Zahiya said one of her main priorities for the new academic year was to, “make sure that the foreign teachers hired have excellent qualifications.”

But without proper funding it will be impossible to hire any teacher of adequate calibre, says Shehenaz Abdulla, Shadow Education Secretary. She claims nearly all the country’s education difficulties boil down to lack of funding.

“The problem is that only 10 per cent of the budget is allocated to education,” says Abdulla. “We can’t pay descent foreign teachers a high enough salary to want to immigrate to the Maldives, so instead foreign teachers who are not good in their own country come to the Maldives to teach. It is a disgrace.”

Abdulla went on to say that another problem is the government can’t distinguish between quality and quantity.

“In 2000 during the government’s educational expansion a mistake was made,” said Abdulla. “The government would proudly say: ‘we trained 200 teachers,’ but in training them so quickly the standards were lowered. As a result, today, we have a lot of teachers who do not have the standards that we expect.”

A study conducted by the Ministry of Higher Education, Employment and Social Security, released last month, showed a significant increase in the number of expatriate employees.

“At the beginning of the year a lot of things are said, but you have to ask yourself: ‘why haven’t they started the academic year by implementing their proposals? Why wait until the middle of the year?…If they are really committed to what they say, then I would expect to see it by now,” said Abdulla.

But the Minister says her commitment is clear, and highlighted the work her department has been doing to improve standards of preschool teachers. She says the government is working hard to identify the problems would soon introduce a new plans.

She also promised all the tsunami damage would be repaired this year, saying several schools were already rebuilt and ready for teaching.

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Special Majlis MPs charged with forging the legislative framework of democracy in the Maldives have failed to agree on whether the constitution should be ratified bit by bit, or all at once.

The 26 opposition Maldivian Democratic Party (MDP) MPs have called for the parliament to enact the separate parts of the constitution one by one, with each new article, amendment or chapter being ratified as they are agreed upon. They say this will speed up the pace of reform.

But the government’s Dhivehi Rayyithunge Party (DRP) does not want the constitutional changes to be implemented incrementally, but all at once. It wants the constitution to be sent to the President for ratification only at the end of the drafting process.

But the government’s motion on the issue, which was proposed by Meemu member Moosa Nizar and seconded by Mohamed Sulaiman, also a member for Meemu Atoll, was defeated when put to the vote.

Only 45 members voted for the motion, out of 81 who attended. That meant the motion fell, as a total of 58 votes are needed, rather than a simple majority. 17 members voted against, with 5 abstentions. 2 members did not participate.

Five other motions to amend the constitution also fell and by the afternoon session, when the details of the referendum over a parliamentary or presidential system was being debated, 6 members walked out and the session had to be cancelled, as there were fewer than 57 members remaining.

Every session of the Special Majlis has been cancelled due to low attendance in 2007, adding to many people’s frustration at the slow pace of reform.

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